英語四級真題閱讀的難句分析

　　在平平淡淡的學(xué)習(xí)、工作、生活中，大家都接觸過比較經(jīng)典的句子吧，句子可分為單句和復(fù)句，單句又可分為主謂句和非主謂句。你知道什么樣的句子才能稱之為經(jīng)典嗎？下面是小編幫大家整理的英語四級真題閱讀的難句分析，希望對大家有所幫助。

　　英語四級真題閱讀的難句分析 1

　　1. We need to train our-selves to think differently, shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opens doors for all of us, creating opportunities in organizations and communities that benefit everyone.

　　【閱讀】我們必須訓(xùn)練自己換一種思考方式，改變自己的思維定勢，并且意識到多元化的大門向我們每一個人敞開，這樣就能創(chuàng)造機會，使組織和社區(qū)中的每一個人都受益。

　　【析句】復(fù)合句。主干為We need to。to后帶了三個并列的不定式，分別是train ourselves to think，shift our mindsets和realize，而that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句that diversity opensus則作realize的'賓語。creatingcommunities為現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，該狀語中又包括一個由that引導(dǎo)的定語從句that benefit everyone，修飾的是opportunities。

　　2. It was a lovely day at the park and Stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine with her two children when a young boy, aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him to the ground.

　　【譯文】那天天氣很好，斯黛拉和她的兩個孩子在公園里曬太陽。這時，一個大約四歲的小男孩走近她兩歲的兒子，把后者推到在地。

　　英語四級真題閱讀的難句分析 2

　　英語和漢語中的定語有很大的不同。漢語中定語只能前置，而英語中定語既可前置也可后置。兩者的不同，不僅表現(xiàn)在結(jié)構(gòu)上，也表現(xiàn)在意義上。英語中的定語從句有時從原因、結(jié)果、目的或條件等方面對中心詞加以限定。因此，在對語法結(jié)構(gòu)、上下文邏輯關(guān)系深刻理解的前提下，為了更明確地表明這種邏輯關(guān)系，可以將定語從句翻譯成相應(yīng)的狀語從句。同時值得注意的是，定語從句與中心詞之間常有分割成分，而該分割成分中與定語從句緊挨著的名詞，常常會被誤認為定語從句的中心詞。

　　因此，遇到這種結(jié)構(gòu)，一定要根據(jù)上下文和常識進行判斷。翻譯定語從句時可采用提前譯、順序譯、分譯或轉(zhuǎn)譯等多種方法。

　　1. As far as the third factor is concerned,the history of science shows many instances in which the force of authority has operated in such a manner as to build up an exceedingly powerfulresistanceto further investigation;in some cases centurieselapsedbefore this resistance was eventually broken down,as happened incosmology,for example.

　　第一層：As far as the third factor is concerned ,狀語從句1 the history 主 of science 定 shows 謂 many 定 instances 賓 in which the force of authority has operated in such a manner as to build up an exceedingly power- 定語從句 ful resistance to further investigation ; in some cases 狀 centuries 主 elapsed 謂 before this resistance was eventually broken down,as 狀語從句2 happened in cosmology,for example.

　　第二層： （狀語從句1） As far as 引 the third factor 主語 is 系 concerned 表語（定語從句） in which 引 the force 主 of authority 定 has operated 謂 in such a manner as to build up an exceedingly powerful re- 狀 sistance to further investigation（狀語從句2） before 引 this resistance 主 was 系 eventually 狀 broken down, 表 as happened in cosmology，for example 定語從句

　　第三層： （定語從句） as 引 happened 謂 in cosmology,狀 for example. 插入語

　　要點本句由兩個分句構(gòu)成，以分號連接。第一個分句的主干為the history of science shows many instances，in which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾instances，such ……as ……表結(jié)果，后接不定式；在第二個分句中，before 引出時間狀語從句：before this resistance was eventually broken down；代詞as在此是關(guān)系代詞，引出定語從句：as happened in cosmology。resistance：抵抗（力）；阻力。cosmology：宇宙論，宇宙哲學(xué)。

　　譯文至于第三個因素，科學(xué)史中有許多事例表明，權(quán)威的力量起到這樣一種作用：它給進一步的研究設(shè)置了一道極其牢固的障礙；在許多情況下，要花上幾個世紀的時間才能最終打破這道障礙。例如，在宇宙學(xué)中就發(fā)生過這樣的事。

　　2. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are manystimuliwhich develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

　　第一層： Behaviorists 主 suggest 謂 that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his 賓語從句 or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

　　第二層：（賓語從句） that 引 the child 主 who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity 定語從句for appropriate responses will experience 謂 greater intellectual 定 development. 賓

　　第三層：（定語從句） who 引 is raised 謂 in an environment 狀 where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for 定語從句appropriate responses

　　第四層：（定語從句） where 引 there 引 are 系 many 定 stimuli 主 which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses 定語從句

　　第五層：（定語從句） which 引 develop 謂 his or her 定 capacity 賓 for appropriate 定 responses

　　要點根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系可以看出，本句中suggest的詞義不是propose,而是bring an idea into the mind,所以翻譯為…的看法是。who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾child，根據(jù)上下文的語義關(guān)系，翻譯成條件句；where引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾 environment,用合譯法譯出；which引導(dǎo)的從句修飾stimuli,用分譯法進行翻譯。appropriate：適合的，相稱的。

　　譯文行為主義者的看法是，如果一個兒童在有許多刺激因素的環(huán)境里長大，而這些刺激因素能夠開發(fā)其相應(yīng)的反映能力，那么這個兒童將會有更好的智力發(fā)展。

　　3. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managedindustrialismin whichmaximalproduction and consumption are ends in themselves into ahumanistindustrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities - those of love and of reason - are the aims of all social arrangements.

　　要點本句為含有兩個定語從句的主從復(fù)合句。主句的謂語動詞suggest可接動名詞作賓語。而賓語中的transform一詞常用在transform sth. from …… into……結(jié)構(gòu)中，譯為“把…從…轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤�”。句中兩個in which分別修飾其先行詞industrialism，翻譯時宜采用前置法。兩個破折號之間的those of love and of reason為potentialities一詞的同位語。

　　譯文我建議把我們的社會制度從以最大限度的生產(chǎn)和最大限度的消費為目的的管理下的'產(chǎn)業(yè)體制轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粋�充分發(fā)揮人的潛能——即愛和理智的潛能——為其全部社會工作之目的的人道主義產(chǎn)業(yè)體制。

　　4. President Kennedy wanted people who raised questions,who criticized,on whose judgment he could rely, who presented an intelligent point of view,regardless of theirrankor viewpoint.

　　要點本句中who……，who……，on whose……，who……四個定語從句并列，共同修飾中心詞people。

　　譯文肯尼迪總統(tǒng)需要提問題的人、能提批評意見的人、做出可靠判斷的人以及能提出明智看法的人，而不問他們的級別和觀點。

　　5. In the soap war between Proctor and Gamble and Unilever,tremendoususe is made of statistics to measure the dynamic difference in market resulting from theproportionalallocation to advertising, which constitutes such a large part of their production costs before selling, so that they regard their production costs as production plus advertising costs.

　　要點此句結(jié)構(gòu)比較復(fù)雜，但主句很簡單，主語為use，謂語為is made.主句正常語序為tremendous use of statistics is made to……， to measure……作目的狀語，resulting from……為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作difference的后置定語。which引導(dǎo)一個非限制性定語從句，修飾allocation to advertising.so that引導(dǎo)一個結(jié)果狀語從句。plus為介詞，意為“加上”。soap war 為“肥皂廣告大戰(zhàn)”。

　　譯文在Proctor and Gamble和 Unilever兩家企業(yè)之間的“肥皂大戰(zhàn)”中，雙方就大量使用了統(tǒng)計學(xué)知識來測量由相應(yīng)的廣告投入所引起的市場上的動態(tài)差異，這一項在前的生產(chǎn)成本中占較大部分，所以他們把生產(chǎn)成本看作是生產(chǎn)費用與廣告費用之和。

　　英語四級真題閱讀的難句分析 3

　　【難句】1. Adding a Bluetooth chip to a phone now costs very little around $2, down from $20 in 2001 but allows the manufacturer to increase the price of the handset by far more, and opens up a new market for high-margin accessories.

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】 本句是典型的破折號分隔。首先以連詞為切入點，得到Adding a Bluetooth chip to a phone now costs but allows , and opens up ，介詞短語around $2, down from $20 in 2001充當(dāng)?shù)姆指舫煞肿魃衔腸osts very little的具體解釋說明，分隔了前兩個并列的謂語。

　　【參考譯文】 在手機里添加一個藍牙芯片的成本很低 從2001年時的20美元下降到2美元左右 但是可以允許制造者提高遠遠高出這個的價格，并且打開了一個高利潤附件的市場。

　　【難句】2. It was refreshing, across the age groups of the children I met, to see how quickly they grasped the whole idea of human rights and how, with a little bit of prompting from their teachers and me, they saw how relevant they were to their daily lives.

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】 本句使用了兩處分隔，均由逗號表現(xiàn)。第一處分隔across the age groups of the children I met,分隔了主系表結(jié)構(gòu)的'一種特殊形式，即形容詞+to do作表語。去掉分隔部分，我們得到It was refreshing to see how quickly they grasped the whole idea of human rights and how, with a little bit of prompting from their teachers and me, they saw how relevant they were to their daily lives。這里我們注意到see后面的賓語由兩個how引導(dǎo)的從句充當(dāng)：how quickly they grasped the whole idea of human rights and how 清晰看到第二處分隔為介賓短語with a little bit of prompting from their teachers and me作的伴隨狀語。去掉分隔，得到It was refreshing to see how quickly they grasped the whole idea of human rights and how they saw how relevant they were to their daily lives，即由and并列的兩個how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。在第二個從句中，謂語say后仍然是由how引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句how relevant they were to their daily lives充當(dāng)賓語。在翻譯時，我們可將兩個分隔部分所作的狀語提前。

　　【參考譯文】 在我所見到的同年齡段的孩子們中，在我和他們的老師只給了一點兒提示的情況下，見證他們?nèi)绾慰焖俚仡I(lǐng)會人權(quán)的整體觀念，如何認識到人權(quán)與他們的生活密切相關(guān)，這一點是非常讓人興奮的。

【英語四級真題閱讀的難句分析】相關(guān)文章：

英語四級真題閱讀長難句分析12-07

英語六級閱讀真題長難句分析12-07

英語四級閱讀備考的真題長難句解析12-07

英語四級真題長難句解析06-14

英語四級真題分析12-07

英語六級閱讀真題長難句解析精選12-07

英語六級閱讀真題長難句的解析12-07

解析英語六級的閱讀真題長難句12-07

有關(guān)英語六級閱讀真題長難句12-07