高考英語閱讀理解題型

　　如何將自己的水平在短短的時(shí)間內(nèi)表現(xiàn)在答卷上,這不僅需要有良好的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí),良好的心理素質(zhì)和適當(dāng)?shù)目荚嚰夹g(shù)也是必不可少的。下面是陽光網(wǎng)小編為你整理的內(nèi)容，希望對(duì)你有幫助。

　　高考英語閱讀理解題型、主旨大意題

　　主旨大意題主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)所讀材料(或所讀材料片斷)中心思想的概括。做這類題時(shí)，考生應(yīng)通讀全文，把握文章大意或中心思想，同時(shí)注意文章的主題句，因?yàn)橹黝}句表達(dá)中心思想，其他句子均圍繞主題句進(jìn)行展開。主題句通常位于文章第一段首句、第一段末句或全文末句等地方，但位于段落中間(通常是第一段或最后一段的中間)也是完全可能的。主旨大意題的考查形式很多，如概括標(biāo)題、主題、段意、中心思想等。請(qǐng)看浙江卷中的一個(gè)段落：

　　In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget. But none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant. The work was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible.

　　◎What is the subject discussed in the text?

　　A. The writer’s unhappy school life

　　B. The writer’s eagerness to earn money

　　C. The writer’s experience as a full-time worker

　　D. The writer’s hard work in an apple plant

　　原文共有五個(gè)自然段，上面摘錄的只是文章的第1個(gè)自然段，但是如果考生訓(xùn)練有素的話，只要讀完這個(gè)段落就可猜出此題的答案了。因?yàn)槲恼碌谝痪湔fIn the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget，接著作者用but引出一個(gè)新的情況(即主題句)：none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant. 再接下來又說：　　The work was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible. 聰明的讀者至此應(yīng)該可以猜測(cè)到，下面的幾個(gè)段落肯定是介紹這個(gè)apple plant 的work是如何的hard，它的.pay是如何的poor，它的working conditions 是如何的terrible 等。比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，只有選項(xiàng)D所表述內(nèi)容合乎上面的分析，故選D。

　　高考英語閱讀理解題型、事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

　　顧名思義，事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題即指針對(duì)文章的某個(gè)事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)而設(shè)置的試題。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題的'命題方法很多，如可能是對(duì)某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)用同義結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換后進(jìn)行考查、也可能是將文章中的幾個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)(通常是四個(gè))放在一起要求考生判斷是非(選出正確的一項(xiàng)或選出錯(cuò)誤的一項(xiàng))或?qū)�幾個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行排序等。解答這類試題時(shí)，一個(gè)常用的方法就是運(yùn)用定位法，即根據(jù)題干或選項(xiàng)中的線索詞從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子，與選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行比較從而確定答案(此時(shí)要特別注意一些常見的同義轉(zhuǎn)換或簡(jiǎn)單換算)。請(qǐng)看安徽卷中的一道事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題：

　　Tuition Fees(學(xué)費(fèi))

　　Tuition fees are different from department to department, generally from $5,000 to $6,000 a year. For further information: tui@waikato.ac.nz

　　Accommodation(住宿)

　　You can have a room in a 4-bedrcom flat, which will cost about $100 a month with other regular living costs of about $150 a month for one person. For further information: ave@walkato.ac.nz

　　◎You have to pay at least ______ a year if you study at the University of Waikato.

　　A. $5,250 B. $8,000 C. $9,000 D. $11,000

　　根據(jù)Tuition fees一節(jié)的內(nèi)容可知，一年的學(xué)費(fèi)最低為5,000美元，再根據(jù)Accommodation(住宿)一節(jié)可知，除學(xué)費(fèi)外，還有住宿費(fèi)(每月100美元)和生活費(fèi)(每月150美元)，即一年大約共3,000美元，所以在WaiKato大學(xué)讀書一年至少要花費(fèi)5,000+3,000=8,000美元，故答案為B。

　　高考英語閱讀理解題型、代詞指代題

　　這類題要求考生根據(jù)一定的上下文推測(cè)代詞的.指代意義，它主要考查考生在一定語境中對(duì)上下文邏輯關(guān)系的正確理解。做這類題時(shí)，考生不僅要讀懂相關(guān)句子的句意，理順相關(guān)句子的邏輯關(guān)系，而且還要學(xué)會(huì)合理變通，尤其要學(xué)會(huì)變通理解其中的同義表達(dá)。請(qǐng)看天津卷中的一個(gè)片斷和一個(gè)道詞義猜測(cè)題：

　　Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this. Nothing in such statements supports the idea that there is anything very different about the problem solving that leads to discoveries of the great contributions to the society. The act of discovery, even in the relatively predictable(可以預(yù)見的) sense that it occurs in everyday learning, involves(涉及) a “sudden insight” which changes the problem situation into a solution situation. As we have seen, everyday discovery also requires that the learner have the knowledge of the rules gained in the past, which is involved in the solution.

　　What does the underlined word “this” refer to?

　　A. Great contributions to the society.

　　B. Long-time study of the subject matter.
 

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