考研：歷年英語翻譯真題（37）

　　英語翻譯要將一定難度的英語短文譯成漢語，理解基本正確，譯文達(dá)意�？佳杏⒄Z翻譯主要是長句和短句的翻譯，有一定的難度，不過如果我們能夠掌握足夠的技巧就會事半功倍的效果。以下是小編整理的考研：歷年英語翻譯真題（37），歡迎閱讀。

　　歷年英語翻譯真題（37）

　　Part C

　　Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

　　It is speculated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge; 1) yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.

　　One of these urges has to do with creating a state of peace in the midst of turbulence, a “still point of the turning world,” to borrow a phrase from T. S. Eliot. 2) A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need. This distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardens, the former becomes all the more urgent. Composure is a state of mind made possible by the structuring of one’s relation to one’s environment. 3) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce form into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such. In so doing they give composure to a segment of the inarticulate environment in which they take their stand.

　　Another urge or need that these gardens appear to respond to, or to arise from, is so intrinsic that we are barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us. When we are deprived of green, of plants, of trees, 4) most of us give in to a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the oppression vanish as if by magic. In most of the homeless gardens of New York City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts to call forth the spirit of plant and animal lift, if only symbolically, through a clumplike arrangement of materials, an introduction of colors, small pools of water, and a frequent presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals. On display here are various fantasy elements whose reference, at some basic level, seems to be the natural world. 5) It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden, though in a “l(fā)iberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions. In them we can see biophilia—a yearning for contact with nonhuman life—assuming uncanny representational forms.

　　翻譯

　　1.然而，人們在觀看那些無家可歸者所創(chuàng)建的花園的照片時，會感到深深的震撼。雖然這些花園風(fēng)格迥異，卻在裝飾和創(chuàng)造性表達(dá)之外透露出了其他多種基本的人類訴求。

　　2.無論地方多么簡陋，尋求一片靜謐的圣土是人類特有的需求，而動物需要的則僅僅是避難棲息之所。

　　3.無家可歸者的花園實際上是無家可歸的，卻給城市帶來一種以前沒有的或者并非如此明顯的環(huán)境形式。

　　4.我們大多數(shù)人會陷入精神萎靡的狀態(tài)，并常常將此歸咎為一些心理原因，直到某天我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己置身在一座花園之中，煩悶如變魔術(shù)般消除殆??

　　5.即使“花園”一詞的使用在某種意義上有些隨性，但正是這種對自然的或含蓄或明確的表達(dá)，證明了用其來描述這些人造建筑是完全合乎情理的。

　　歷年英語翻譯真題

　　(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.

　　參考譯文：但是，盡管使用英語者的人數(shù)在不斷增加/說英語的人越來越多，卻仍然有跡象表明，英語語言的全球主導(dǎo)地位在不久的將來/可預(yù)見的未來也許會慢慢衰退。

　　句子解析：本句很簡單，主句是there be 結(jié)構(gòu)，主句前是讓步狀語，signs后面是that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，對signs進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的補(bǔ)充說明。同位語從句中是主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，the global predominance of the language 是主語，may fade 是謂語，within結(jié)構(gòu)是時間狀語。expands的詞義不應(yīng)該選擇常用的“擴(kuò)展”意思，而應(yīng)該結(jié)合前面和它搭配的number，而選擇“增加”的意思。

　　(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.

　　參考譯文：因此，大衛(wèi)格蘭多的分析可能會終結(jié)某些人的自滿態(tài)度，這些人認(rèn)為，英語在全世界的地位十分穩(wěn)固，英國的年輕一代人根本不需要學(xué)習(xí)其他的語言。

　　句子解析：此句為復(fù)合句，who之前是主句，結(jié)構(gòu)是主謂賓，His analysis是主語，he指代的是前面的大衛(wèi)，end是核心謂語動詞，any self-contentedness是賓語，among those是狀語，who引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾those，定語從句中who做主語，believe是謂語，that引導(dǎo)賓語從句做believe的賓語，賓語從句中g(shù)lobal position of English是主語，后面是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，結(jié)果狀從中是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)。詞匯部分，self-contentedness可能是難點，意思是“自滿，自大”，因為contend是滿意的意思，additional在考研英語翻譯中常用的譯法是“新的，另外的”，此處翻譯可采用詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。還有who引導(dǎo)的定語從句的處理方法，可以重復(fù)先行詞“那些人”，采用后置法。

　　(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.

　　參考譯文：很多國家正在把英語列入小學(xué)課程范圍，但是英國的中小學(xué)生似乎并沒有受到更多的鼓勵去流利地掌握其他語言。

　　句子解析：此句是but連接的并列復(fù)合句，前半句是主謂賓加狀語的結(jié)構(gòu)，很簡單，后半句也是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)，British schoolchildren and students是主語，do not appear to be gaining是復(fù)合謂語，greater encouragement是賓語，to achieve fluency in other languages是不定式短語做encouragement的后置定語。Curriculum是課程的意思，fluency是流利，流暢的意思。

　　(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.

　　參考譯文：大衛(wèi).格蘭多指出的這些變化給英國的英語教學(xué)工作者提出了明確的和巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，這些英語教學(xué)工作是面向其他國家的人和更為廣泛的商業(yè)教育機(jī)構(gòu)的。

　　句子解析：此句是簡單句，修飾成分較多，稍有些復(fù)雜，The changes是主語，identified by David Graddol是過去分詞短語做后置定語修飾changes，identified可以理解為“發(fā)現(xiàn)，指出”， present是謂語動詞， 是“體現(xiàn)，表現(xiàn)”的意思，clear and major challenges是賓語，to UK`s providers of English language teaching是介詞短語做后置定語修飾challenges，providers 本意是供應(yīng)商，此處可以理解為“英語教學(xué)工作者”，to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.是后置定語修飾English language teaching。

　　50. It gives a basis to all organizations which seek to promote the learning and use of English, a basis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment.

　　參考譯文：這一研究為所有試圖促進(jìn)英語學(xué)習(xí)和使用的機(jī)構(gòu)提供了一個依據(jù)，這一依據(jù)是為了滿足可能會出現(xiàn)不同操作情況/運(yùn)行環(huán)境的可能性的。

　　句子解析：主句是主謂賓加狀語結(jié)構(gòu)，it是代詞指代，指代前文的study，basis應(yīng)該理解為“依據(jù)”，which引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾organizations，翻譯時可以采用前置法，定語從句中which做主語，seek to promote是謂語動詞，the learning and use of English是賓語，a basis是前面主句賓語basis的同位語，for planning to meet the possibilities介詞短語做后置定語修飾basis，of what could be a very different operating environment介詞短語做后置定語修飾possibilities。

　　今年的翻譯難度不大，沒有特別生僻的單詞和句子，只要考生們的基本功扎實，平時多加練習(xí)，相信都可以考出理想的分?jǐn)?shù)。

【考研：歷年英語翻譯真題37】相關(guān)文章：

2017考研：歷年英語翻譯真題（34）03-13

2017考研：歷年英語翻譯真題（23）12-09

2017考研：歷年英語翻譯真題（43）03-10

2017考研：歷年英語翻譯真題（38）03-10

2017考研：歷年英語翻譯真題（40）03-10

2017考研：歷年英語翻譯真題（41）03-10

2017考研：歷年英語翻譯真題（20）11-23

2017考研：歷年英語翻譯真題（21）12-09

2017考研：歷年英語翻譯真題（42）03-10